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Lipoprotein(a) as a Risk Factor for Predicting Coronary Artery Disease Events: A Metaanalysis

Yang Lan, Xiaoxiao Zhao, Xiaofei Wang, Xincheng Song, Jia Chen, Yingyi Zhang and Zhuangzhuang Zhang

Backgrounds: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] are causally associated with risk of cardiovascular risk. Previous studies have proved that Lp(a) is an independent risk factor, which positively associated with stroke; but its role as a risk factor for coronary artery disease(CAD) remains controversial. We conduct this metaanalysis to determine the relationship between Lp(a) and CAD.

Methods: We retrieved articles in two electronic databases including PubMed and ScienceDirect, using the MeSH terms “lipoprotein a” OR “lipoproteins “AND “coronary artery diseases”. These articles were prospective studies, ranged from 2006 to August 2018.

Results: A total of 8 studies with 86808 participants and 8180 CAD events were incorporated in the meta-analysis. Compared with the low Lp(a) levels, the pooled HR was 1.132 (95% CI, 1.063-1.204, p=0.000). However, the eligible studies were heterogeneous (Q=25.74; I2=68.9%; p=0.001). Subgroup analysis for Lp(a) on CAD overall survival based on age and Lp(a) measurement method were also conducted. The results showed that Lp(a) is a risk factor for future CAD events, especially in the young.

Conclusion: Lp(a) level is an independent risk factor for CAD and may be especially relevant for young patients. Different detection methods for Lp(a) may modified the predictive value of lipoprotein (a) for coronary heart disease.